Advertising and Promotion- the Pills Case Study

Advertising and Promotion- the Pills - Case Study Example Beats by Dre has used this mass communication to reach out to large target customers (Ansell, Harrison and Archibald, 2007, pp. 394-400). Beats by Dre has used Television to deliver its message through its advertisement. The communication process used by Beats by Dre to communicate the Pills campaign will be explained below. Sender Through the pills campaign Beats by Dre wants to send the message that users should destroy the use of cheap generic headphone and instead use their portable wireless speakers. Encoding Through this process Beats by Dre wants to give a sense that their wireless speakers are much more improved as compared to old generic headphones. Though they are small in size it is much louder (Bitner, M. J., Brown, S. W. and Meuter, M. L. 2000, pp. 138-141). Feedback The last process in the communication process is the receiver’s response to the message sent by the source. The Pills campaign resulted in positive feedback from the customers. Answer 1.2 The UK commu nicating industry has a lot of channels through which the messages flow. The traditional form of marketing channel consists of medium, agencies, media and production units. The media is the essential component which serves as the medium through which the campaign runs. There are many forms of media like print media, television media, social media etc. Majority of the companies now uses social media and television media as their medium of communication since it involves considerably lower cost and can be done at a cheaper rate (Botschen, Thelen and Pieters, 1997, pp. 38-42). They are using the social media to drive their advertising. There are many agencies which help in the production process like the pills campaign have been done by R/GA’s London and LA offices. Their job is creating and planning the advertising for their clients. It is an independent company which helps in the efforts of the clients in selling their products or services. They can also handle the whole marke ting and branding strategies of the clients. There are many types of ad agencies in UK consisting of specialized agencies, full service agencies, Interactive agencies etc. There are separate media and production units which creates the advertisement on the basis of concept given by the company. After the production process, they hand over the media content to the ad agencies that can get with the marketing and branding aspects of it (Boulding, Staelin, Ehret and Johnston, 2005, pp. 155-159). Answer 1.3 There are many self-regulatory systems in UK like Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) and Committee of Advertising Practice (CAP). They adjudicate the complaints which they receive and its awards are published widely in the media. It is recognised as established means of protecting the consumers in non-broadcast marketing. There is legal regulation which opposes the unfair competition in the sales promotion activities in UK (Brangule-Vlagsma, Pieters and Wedel, 2002, pp. 267-270). T here are a variety of legal provisions on this. These are Consumer protection legislation, Contract law, Copyright and passing off, Lotteries an Amusement Act. Copyright infringement is not uncommon in the marketing activity. There are number cases like Liverpool daily post and Express Newspaper plc where it was a case of copyright infringement. In case of absence unfair competition, the law of passing off assist the companies in protecting their sales promotion activities against ambush marketing by its competitors (Carson and Coviello, 1996, pp. 51-54). Answer 1.4 Media fragmentation is

BHS 420 Quantitative Reasoning (Module 5-SLP) Essay

BHS 420 Quantitative Reasoning (Module 5-SLP) - Essay Example Introducing imagery has novel implications for bipolar treatment innovation - an area where CBT improvements are much-needed. Santosa, C.M., Strong, C.M, Nowakowska, C., Wang, P.W., Rennicke, C.M., & Ketter, T.A. (2007). Enhanced creativity in bipolar disorder patients: A controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 100, (1-3), pp. 31-39. Research Procedure: Direct study of 49 BP, 25 MDD, 32 CC, and 47 HC (all euthymic) completed four creativity measures yielding six parameters: the Barron-Welsh Art Scale (BWAS-Total, and two subscales, BWAS-Dislike and BWAS-Like), the Adjective Check List Creative Personality Scale (ACL-CPS), and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking--Figural (TTCT-F) and Verbal (TTCT-V) versions. Mean scores on these instruments were compared across groups. Where and How Sample Obtained: Researchers assessed non-eminent creativity in euthymic bipolar (BP) and unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, creative discipline controls (CC), and healthy controls (HC). Description of Results: Researchers found BP and CC (but not MDD) had similarly enhanced creativity on the BWAS-Total (driven by an increase on the BWAS-Dislike) compared to HC. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of enhanced creativity and how it relates to clinical (e.g. temperament, mood, and medication status) and preclinical (e.g. visual and affective processing substrates) parameters. Research Procedure: Researchers compared creativity in bipolar parents and their offspring with BD and bipolar offspring with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with healthy control adults and their children, using 40 adults with BD, 20 bipolar offspring with BD, 20 bipolar offspring with ADHD, and 18 healthy control parents and their healthy control children who completed the Barron-Welsh Art Scale (BWAS), an objective measure of creativity. Description of Results: The results of this study support an

Death Penalty Essay Example for Free

Death Penalty Essay Death penalty has been an inalienable part of human society and its legal system for centuries, regarded as a necessary deterrent to dangerous crimes and a way to liberate the community from dangerous criminals. However, later on this type of punishment came to be regarded as a crime against humanistic ideals by many, and its validity in the legal system has been questioned. Until now, the debate rages on. But I’m here to tell you that the death penalty is the right thing to do !! Background: The first established death penalty laws date as far back as the Eighteenth Century B.   C. E. in the Code of King Hammurabi of Babylon, which codified the death penalty for 25 different crimes. The death penalty was also part of the Fourteenth Century B. C. E. s Hittite Code; in the Seventh Century B. C. s Draconian Code of Athens, which made death the only punishment for all crimes; and in the Fifth Century B. C. s Roman law of the Twelve Tablets. Death sentences were carried out by such means as crucifixion, drowning, beating to death, burning alive, and impalement. In the Tenth Century A. D. , hanging became the usual method of execution in Britain. In the following century, William the Conqueror would not allow persons to be hanged or otherwise executed for any crime, except in times of war. This trend would not last, for in the Sixteenth Century, under the reign of Henry VIII, as many as 72,000 people are estimated to have been executed. Some common methods of execution at that time were boiling, burning at the stake, hanging, beheading, and drawing and quartering. Executions were carried out for such capital offenses as marrying a Jew, not confessing to a crime, and treason. The number of capital crimes in Britain continued to rise throughout the next two centuries. By the 1700s, 222 crimes were punishable by death in Britain, including stealing, cutting down a tree, and robbing a rabbit warren. Because of the severity of the death penalty, many juries would not convict defendants if the offense was not serious. This lead to reforms of Britains death penalty. From 1823 to 1837, the death penalty was eliminated for over 100 of the 222 crimes punishable by death. And in America over 38 states use the death penalty. Now that tells me that almost 50% of the United States uses he death penalty and even john Haynes from the book â€Å"the death penalty† even agrees with me..!!! Mistakes  now let’s move on to mistakes , as we all know back then several ages ago we didn’t have the technology that we do have now. But wait now that we have the world’s smartest people, well at least some. They can assure you that we will give correct D. N. A. answers!!! And if I was to give you a percentage of how many we have gotten correct I would say 100%. Cost of death vs. life in prison: So in the case for money which is better, I would say that the death penalty is a lot better and it’s cheaper than keeping the prisoner there and going through trial after trial after trial, I mean this could go on for weeks and even up to months!!! The death penalty cost the government 1. 5 million- 5. 1 million dollars. The cost of keeping the prisoner $22,218 to 50,000 per year ! In conclusion I know that the death penalty may cost more but do we really want to have our citizen’s life in danger, I know I don’t. Any consideration of the crime rate cancellation would become viable if the crime rate at least for murders goes sharply down. At present, however, capital punishment serves as an important barrier on the way of criminals ready to take another persons life.

Furthering Legal Writing Skills

Furthering Legal Writing Skills Legal Writing skills are really important to professional legal practice. These skills come with time and constant practice and use. In this discussion, an attempt will be made on identifying the differences in approach between answering a problem essay or an essay question. To effectively do this, an understanding of these question types through a discussion of what they mean will be important. Through these discussion(s), it will give more insight into how they are used in the law and how their approaches might differ. Problem questions in legal writing are set to find out the extent of your understanding of the legal principles on the topics being discussed. A problem question is normally based on a fact-based scenario that may reflect a real life situation. This design lets the writer demonstrate their understanding of a particular area of the law. By doing so, they can apply their knowledge of the law to a particular scenario to draw a logical conclusion on a possible legal outc ome. Problem Question Problem questions are often provided as they reflect the daily engagements of legal practitioners. A sound understanding of problem questions helps with providing rational legal advice. In essence, response to problem questions presented could take the form of an advice which is an objective and balanced analysis of the law that may apply to a fact scenario. An ideal response to a problem question should conclude with a perceived view of the likely outcome of the client taking subject to a possible legal action. It would be important to note that there is no correct or wrong answer to a problem question. The quality of the presentation and a factual referencing of valid legal sources used.A solid problem question answer should be logically structured, accurate and properly referenced, clear and comprehensive with each major issue dealt with in a systematic manner. Dealing with a Problem Question In dealing with problem questions, not all issues raised by a question will receive the same priority. In responding to questions a sense of good judgment is very important and may require a deep and lengthy analysis. Problems are normally analyzed in this case using IRAC (Issue Rule, Argument/Application/Analysis, conclusion). These in point form include: Issue. Rule. Argument/Application/Analysis. Conclusion. Issue: This part of a response to a problem question states the issue presented by the question. In some cases, the question may give more insight to the issue. Where a problem question does not directly identify an issue, brainstorming through the issue through asking relevant questions would be needed. For example asking questions such as: What would be the legal question that, when answered, determines the outcome of a case? Issues in problem questions in most cases are stated in form of a specific question rather than general question form(s). A possible example of an n acceptable issue would be: Is there any possible ties of any of the parties involved if there was no compensation paid? Issues can be case specific, mentioning specific facts of the case including names and parties involved. An issue can incorporate all cases which present a similar question. Most cases commonly present one issue. Rule: The rule describes how any relevant law or appropriate legislation applies to an issue. The rule, relevant laws or appropriate legislation are the supporting backgrounds to any claims mad relating an issue. These supporting facts act to justify the legal claims being made.It presents an overview of legal sources related to the issue. It is important to note that these rules are presented as a general principal, not a conclusion to a briefed case or issue discussed. A possible example of the rule will be defining conditions for a valid association: An association or tie is created when there is an agreement that Party A will act for the interest of party B, where party B is the Principal at Party Bs direction regardless of if any possible compensation exists or was agreed on. Argument/Analysis/Application: This part forms the core of any problem question and is the longest part of the response to an issue identified in the question. In this part, the pre-stated rules to the fact are applied to address the issues identified in the problem question. Here, the facts are used to explain how the rules lead to the various conclusion(s). Discussing both sides of a case or an issue when possible can make for a better or more valid argument or analysis. In an argument or analysis, stating a conclusion without linking this conclusion to some presented rules or stating reasons for it makes for a weak analysis.A conclusion drawn without clarified reasons or explanations may imply that any pre-stated rules or facts were not used to analyze the issue. The rule acts as a guide for discussing problem questions. Conclusion: The conclusion would be a response or feedback to an issue identified in a problem question. It presents the results of your argument or analysis and ties it to a final objective conclusion. An example could be as follows: Party A is liable for criminal negligence or therefore no possible contract was agreed on between Party A and B. In situations where there exist multiple issues in a question, there will be multiple conclusions to address the respective issues. Essay Question: Essay questions in legal discussions and writing are one the main ways of knowing the depth of the writers understanding of the subject being discussed. In essay writing, there is the need for the writer to stay with the core issues addressed by the question. In addressing the issues that may be linked to an essay question, the writer is free to discuss these issues in his own words, but staying strictly within the context of the subject discussed. For the essay question, a carefully and thorough read through the question to ensure you understand that they question is asking about is important. Dealing with an Essay Question To address an essay question, the following key points should help: Analysis-Unpacking the Question. Preparation. Writing. Polishing. Unpack the Question: The process is the first and most important step and actually determines how effective and good a response or an answer to an essay question will be. This because a clear understanding of the key issues to be discussed will help the writer not drift away from the primary subject. This helps the writer focus and discuss the most relevant issues of the question.

Boot Camp Debate Essay -- essays research papers

The Boot Camp Debate In any of today's society no matter where you look there will be some evidence of crime present. This statement derives from a sociologist theory that says no society can exists without crime. The government is constantly looking for new ways to deal with these reoccurring problems. The focus has been placed upon the government to look into young offenders and the style used to punish them. Weapons possession is quite common among the youth, at least in urban Canada, between one-third and one quarter of students surveyed indicated that they had carried some form of weapon at school over the previous year. Data drawn from Statistics Canada has revealed that the number of reported incidents of violent crimes by males aged 12-17 have risen 64% and more than doubled for females during the decade beginning in 1989 and ending in 1999. A study conducted in Southern Ontario, exploring student perceptions of violence in schools, revealed significant levels of fear relating to possible victimi sation. It is these more serious crimes involving young offenders that the government has been forced to deal with. Many suggestions have been made and many bills have been voted on but still no "sure fire" solution to the problem exists. The latest idea brewing in Parliament is the use of boot camps to punish young offenders; however others believe sending young offenders to boot camp is not the answer and there are more efficient ways to correct their negative behaviour. The newest "brain-storm" that politicians have dwelled upon is sending young offenders that commit serious offences to boot camp. The first question that comes to mind is what is a boot camp? A boot camp is an alternative place to send youths between the ages of 12-17 who commit serious criminal offences. Boot camps have five basic goals: (1) incapacitation, (2) deterrence, (3) rehabilitation, (4) reduction of prison costs and crowding, and (5) punishment (Colledge & Gerber, 1998). These facilities are designed to resocialize the "bad-boys" and "bad-girls" into citizens that will be accepted back into society. The plan is to use a military style to punish the kids and in return teach them discipline and transform them back to law abiding citizens . "Punishment ranges from rigorous exercise - running extra laps... ...he rehabilitation of young offenders rather than shipping them off to prison or boot camps. The boot camps and prisons do not offer the youths the proper treatment needed to transform a person from a criminal back to a normal citizen of society. Places such as Custody Centers offer a more controlled and logical process of programs developed especially for the special kids sent to these places. It is believed that a program such as the P.G.Y.C.C. will ultimately be more effective in correcting the behaviour of young offenders and in conjunction lower the rate of youth crime around the country. References Colledge, D. and Gerbert, J. (1998, June). Rethinking the assumptions about boot camps. Federal Probation, vol. 62, issue 1, p.54. Honywill, B. (1996, Nov. 20). Boot camps not answer: panel: Must discourage conditions leading to youth crime. The Hamilton Spectator, p. N1. Simpson, L. (1996, Oct. 5). Academy targets troublesome teens: Military-style school for boys costs $20,400 a year. The Hamilton Spectator, p. A1. Prince George Youth Custody Center. [WWW document]. (n.d./ 2000, Mar. 22). Available: <http://members.pgonline.com/~pgycc/

Ancient Kemet :: World History

Ancient Kemet Egypt was without question the first great civilization in Africa. Surrounded by the hostile desert, Egypt arose as a populous settlement as a "gift of the Nile River," which flooded surrounding plains and thus supported game and wild plants. Straddling the strategic land crossroads between Africa, Asia, and Europe, Egypt also became a point for interchange between the Mediterranean and Red seas and the Persian Gulf. Many developments affecting the rest of Africa took place in or near the Nile Valley, such as the cultivation of plants and the development of metal smelting. Thus, Egypt's major role in forming early African civilizations has been well established. In modern times, scholars often underestimated the contributions of ancient Egypt to European civilization. More than two millennia ago, when the Ptolemaic Greeks came to rule Egypt, they extensively adopted and interpreted Egyptian spiritual, material, political, aesthetic, and intellectual systems. Although later Greek authorities freely acknowledged their cultural debt to Egypt, during the nineteenth century many European writers, limited by their ethnocentrism and racism, decided that black Africa could have had nothing to do with Europe's rise to greatness. Some treated Egypt as Middle Eastern and divorced it from the rest of Africa, whereas others went further, asserting the preeminence of northern Aryan sources of Greek civilization to the virtual exclusion of Semitic, African, and Egyptian influences. Beginning in ancient times, Egypt was a genuine crossroads of peoples and cultures, and its peoples were multiethnic and multiracial, as depicted in dynastic drawings of their rulers. They came from as far way as Asia Minor and Nubia, in the upper Nile Valley. Ancient Kemet :: World History Ancient Kemet Egypt was without question the first great civilization in Africa. Surrounded by the hostile desert, Egypt arose as a populous settlement as a "gift of the Nile River," which flooded surrounding plains and thus supported game and wild plants. Straddling the strategic land crossroads between Africa, Asia, and Europe, Egypt also became a point for interchange between the Mediterranean and Red seas and the Persian Gulf. Many developments affecting the rest of Africa took place in or near the Nile Valley, such as the cultivation of plants and the development of metal smelting. Thus, Egypt's major role in forming early African civilizations has been well established. In modern times, scholars often underestimated the contributions of ancient Egypt to European civilization. More than two millennia ago, when the Ptolemaic Greeks came to rule Egypt, they extensively adopted and interpreted Egyptian spiritual, material, political, aesthetic, and intellectual systems. Although later Greek authorities freely acknowledged their cultural debt to Egypt, during the nineteenth century many European writers, limited by their ethnocentrism and racism, decided that black Africa could have had nothing to do with Europe's rise to greatness. Some treated Egypt as Middle Eastern and divorced it from the rest of Africa, whereas others went further, asserting the preeminence of northern Aryan sources of Greek civilization to the virtual exclusion of Semitic, African, and Egyptian influences. Beginning in ancient times, Egypt was a genuine crossroads of peoples and cultures, and its peoples were multiethnic and multiracial, as depicted in dynastic drawings of their rulers. They came from as far way as Asia Minor and Nubia, in the upper Nile Valley.

Record Label and Napster S Strategy

Napster, developed in 1999 by Shawn Fanning, is a program that allows music to be traded over the internet. People were able to share high quality digital copies of music recordings over the internet using Napster. Napster did not store the recordings, however. It allowed its members who were logged onto the service to choose from an index of songs. Napster was one of the most popular sites on the internet. The site had some 15 million users in a year’s time. Many college students downloaded so many songs that many colleges had to block the site from their system.A year after its launch, Napster was sued by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The RIAA represents major recording companies. The RIAA claimed that copyright laws were violated by Napster for allowing users to swap music recordings for free. The RIAA sought to stop the downloading of copyrighted songs, as well as damages for lost revenue. Song swapping had cost the music industry more than $300 mil lion in lost sales. A few months later, Napster was sued by a heavy metal band, Metallica, and rap star Dr. Dre. They were suing Napster for copyright infringement.In 2000, a judge granted the request of the RIAA and ordered Napster to stop making copyrighted recordings available for download. This would have shut Napster down. Napster was granted a last-minute reprieve until the lawsuits could be tried in court. Despite its many claims, Napster was found guilty of direct infringement of the RIAA’s musical recordings. The company was ordered to stop allowing its millions of users to download and share copyrighted material without properly compensating the owners of the material (Ferrell & Hartline, 2008). Napster later offered $1 billion to the recording industry to settle the lawsuit.Napster also agreed that $150 million would be paid annually for the first five years to Sony, Warner, BMG, EMI, and Universal, and $50 million annually was allotted for independent labels. The recording industry refused the offer. The industry wanted Napster to shut down for good. Napster tried many times to compromise with the recording industry, but to no avail. Napster filed for Chapter 11 reorganization in 2002. The company also tried to reach a deal with Bertelsmann AG, their strategic partner. A few months later, a Delaware judge blocked the sale of the company to Bertelsmann.Napster then laid off nearly its entire staff and proceeded to convert its Chapter 11 into a Chapter 7 liquidation. Many music labels were dabbling in online music distribution. Napster had clearly beaten them to it and had done so efficiently, which was the main problem for the company. It was obvious to the record labels that online distribution was here to stay. Napster’s name and assets were purchased by a company called Roxio. Roxio was a company known for its CD-burning software. Roxio had intentions to relaunch Napster as a fee-based service. Napster was renamed Napster 2. in 2003 . Apple was one competitor for Napster, holding 70 to 80 percent of the online music market. Rhapsody holds 10 to 15 percent of the market, and Napster holds 5 to 10 percent of the market. The remaining portion is divided among several different companies (Ferrell & Hartline, 2008). Napster’s strategy focuses on being a subscription-based revenue model. Computer users could download as much music as they wanted for a fee of $14. 95 per month. Napster created partnerships with BellSouth, Ericsson, and XM Satellite Radio as a means to connect with untapped markets.Napster partnered with Tower Records Japan and launched Napster Japan in 2006. The company also began a partnership with Japan’s largest mobile phone company. About 90 percent of music downloads in Japan occur through wireless phones (Ferrell & Hartline, 2008). Napster has shown interest in being acquired by another firm. Napster hired UBS Investment Bank to help with the sale. A SWOT analysis structures the as sessment of the fit between what a firm can and cannot do (strengths and weakness), and the environmental conditions working for and against the firm (opportunities and threats).The SWOT analysis for Napster would consist of the following (Ferrell & Hartline, 2008): Strengths †¢Large music library †¢Convenient and easy to use †¢Strong brand name and reputation Weaknesses †¢Lack of compatibility †¢Pricing †¢Limited areas of differentiation Opportunities †¢New technologies †¢Decline in illegal file sharing †¢Rapidly growing market Threats †¢Powerful competition †¢New technologies †¢Potential for disintermediation Looking back at the weaknesses listed in the SWOT analysis, one point that should be worked out is the pricing of Napster services. Napster is set up on a subscription-based model.If the price per subscription was cheaper, more customers would subscribe to the site. Napster offers the same basic services as some of t he other big names in the online music distribution industry. Another area to refine would be the lack of compatibility. Napster is not compatible with all MP3 players, especially the iPod. Those with an incompatible player will not want to purchase the service. New technology is emerging every day. Napster should work on creating avenues that will allow music to be downloaded to wireless devices, such as the smart phone, PDAs and other handheld devices.Napster should put forth efforts to keep existing customers happy while also trying to expand the customer market. Keeping existing customers happy should always be a company’s top priority. Having a solid core of customers to build on is very important to the stability and success of the company (Business KnowledgeSource. com, 2010). By keeping the existing companies happy, Napster could offer a free one month subscription for those members who have been loyal to company for a certain amount of time. Flyers or inserts could a lso be placed in the packaging of MP3 players.This advertisement would entice users to connect with Napster for all of their music downloads. With this deal, new users could download up to five songs for free before having to sign up for a subscription. Napster could offer discounts to new users for a certain period of time. For instance, a new user could get the first three months at a discounted rate before paying the regular price. There are many ways for Napster to expand their customer base. Finding out which plans work and which plans do not work is the key.